Culture is the sum of human life, values, beliefs, language system, communication, and behavior. Although culture is a complex concept, it affects every aspect of our lives, both consciously and subconsciously.
Culture can be defined as a form of human life. For example, a culture is formed by combining how people in a particular region think, how they act, their behavior, attitudes, dress, their speech or language, their religious activities, music, literature, etc.
Definition of Culture By Different Authors
According to E. B. Tylor (1871), “Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, moral, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”
Ralph Linton (1940) defines, “The sum total of knowledge, attitudes and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a particular society.”
Maclver defines, “Culture is the expression of our nature in our modes of living and our thinking, intercourse, in our literature, in religion, in recreation and enjoyment.”
According to John Paul Lederach, “Culture is the shared knowledge and schemes created by a set of people for perceiving, interpreting, expressing, and responding to the social realities around them.”
Geert Hofstede defines, “Culture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one category of people from another.”
“Culture is the framework of beliefs, expressive symbols, and values in terms of which individuals define their feelings and make their judgments.” — (Geertz 1957 American Anthropologist 59: 32 -54)
Definition of Culture By Different Authors
According to Ward Goodenough (1957), “The pattern of life within a community, the regularly recurring activities and material and social arrangements characteristic of a particular group.”
Malinowski defines, “Culture is the handiwork of man and the medium through which he achieves his ends.”
According to Spencer, “Culture is the super organic environment as distinguished from the organic, or physical, the worlds of plants and animals.”
According to Samuel Koenig, “Culture may be defined as the sum-total of man’s efforts to adjust himself to his environment and to improve his modes of living.”
Lundberg defines, “Culture refers to the social mechanisms of behavior and to the physical and symbolic products of these behaviors.”
H.T. Mazumdar defines, “Culture is the total of human achievements, material and non-material, capable of transmission, sociologically, i.e., by tradition and communication, vertically as well as horizontally.”
Definition of culture and discussions:
Culture is a term that refers to a large and varied set of the most essential aspects of social life. It is the values, beliefs, language, and methods of communication and the things that people share in general and which as a whole can be used to define the elements or material objects that are common to that group or society.
Culture is also what we are and what we behave and perform. It explains and understands how we walk, sit, carry our bodies, and communicate with others; How we behave depending on space, time, and audience.
The term culture is widely used in sociology. Culture encompasses all aspects of our lives in a broad sense. According to Tylor, culture is a complex combination of the combined knowledge, beliefs, arts, ethics, customs, laws, and various habits and skills acquired by the society.
Culture is one of the most important concepts in sociology because sociologists recognize that it plays an important role in our social life. It is important for maintaining social relationships, social maintenance and challenging, how we determine the knowledge of the world and our position in it, and the outline of our daily actions and experiences in society. It is made up of both non-material and material things.
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Definition of Statistics by different authors
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